Receptive Language Hearing and Understanding | Expressive Language Using words, sounds, gestures |
Birth-3 Months - Startles to loud sounds
- Quiets or smiles when spoken to
- Seems to recognize your voice and quiets if crying
- Increases or decreases sucking behavior in response to sound
| Birth-3 Months - Makes pleasure sounds (cooing, gooing)
- Cries differently for different needs
- Smiles when sees you
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4-6 Months - Moves eyes in direction of sounds
- Responds to changes in tone of your voice
- Notices toys that make sounds
- Pays attention to music
| 4-6 Months - Babbling sounds more speech-like with many different sounds, including p, b and m
- Chuckles and laughs
- Vocalizes excitement and displeasure
- Makes gurgling sounds when left alone and when playing with you
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7 Months-1 Year - Enjoys games like peek-a-boo and pat-a-cake
- Turns and looks in direction of sounds
- Listens when spoken to
- Recognizes words for common items like "cup", "shoe", "book", or "juice"
- Begins to respond to requests (e.g. "Come here" or "Want more?")
| 7 Months-1 Year - Babbling has both long and short groups of sounds such as "tata, upup, bibibibi"
- Uses speech or non-crying sounds to get and keep attention
- Uses gestures to communication (waving, holding arms to be picked up)
- Imitates different speech sounds
- Has one or two words (hi, dog, dada, mama) around first birthday, although sounds may not be clear
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Receptive Language Understanding 12-24 months | Expressive Language Use 12-24 months |
- Points to a few body parts when asked.
- Follows simple commands and understands simple questions ("Roll the ball," "Kiss the baby," "Where's your shoe?").
- Listens to simple stories, songs, and rhymes.
- Points to pictures in a book when named.
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Receptive Language 2-3 years | Expressive Language 2-3 years |
Understands differences in meaning ("go-stop," "in-on," "big- little," "up-down"). Follows two requests ("Get the book and put it on the table"). Listens to and enjoys hearing stories for longer periods of time
| Has a word for almost everything. Uses two- or three- words to talk about and ask for things. Uses k, g, f, t, d, and n sounds. Speech is understood by familiar listeners most of the time. Often asks for or directs attention to objects by naming them.
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Receptive Language 3-4 years | Expressive Language 3-4 years |
Hears you when you call from another room. Hears television or radio at the same loudness level a as other family members. Answers simple "who?", "what?", "where?", and "why?" questions.
| Talks about activities at school or at friends' homes. People outside of the family usually understand child’s speech Uses a lot of sentences that have 4 or more words. Usually talks easily without repeating syllables or words
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Receptive Language 4-5 years | Expressive Language 4-5 years |
| Uses sentences that give lots of details ("The biggest peach is mine"). Tells stories that stick to topic. Communicates easily with other children and adults. Says most sounds correctly except a few like l, s, r, v , z, ch, sh, th. Says rhyming words. Names some letters and numbers. Uses the same grammar as the rest of the family
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